超级口岸来了：“新横琴口岸”通关在即，去澳门，更方便

站在珠海横琴和澳门交界处的莲花大桥上，东望澳门，是金碧辉煌的酒店建筑群；回首西眺，新的横琴口岸通关大楼映入眼帘。经过大约3年的建设，目前横琴新口岸旅检通道已经基本具备开通条件。

横琴新口岸旅检通道即将开通，将大大缓解拱北口岸的通关压力，并将大幅改善横琴口岸的通关体验。不仅如此，其即将采用的“合作查验、一次放行”通关模式，也是“..”在口岸建设和运营上的生动实践。

“超级口岸”来了：将缓解拱北口岸压力

长期以来，旅客往来珠海和澳门的通道主要为拱北口岸。来自珠海边检总站拱北边检站的数据显示，拱北口岸2018年客流总数高达1.34亿人次，同比增长约5%，连续第7年位居全国首位。

然而，拱北口岸的实际承载旅客数量，已经远远超出其设计能力，特别是遇到节假日高峰，排队时间长、通关过程慢等问题导致旅客出入境体验不佳。随着横琴开发的提速，2014年，横琴口岸实行24小时通关。不过，受限于场地规模、设施、通关形式和交通环境等因素，横琴口岸日通行旅客数量长期保持在2万多人次。

澳门居民张美然在横琴工作，每天她都要通过横琴旧口岸往返于横琴和澳门之间。她说：“虽然横琴和澳门只隔了一座桥，但由于需要坐摆渡车，上上下下，我需要花一个小时才能从家到达公司。”

横琴新口岸的开通，将大大降低拱北口岸的通关压力，大幅改善横琴口岸的通关能力，让往来更快捷、更方便。新的横琴口岸联检通关大楼及南北侧交通..总建筑面积达45万平方米，相当于63个足球场，设计日通关流量达22.2万人次，年通关量达8000万人次。

横琴新口岸旅检大厅一楼为出境层，二楼为入境层。记者在现场看到，其分别设置了合作自助通道、传统人工通道和合作人工通道，以满足不同类型旅客的通关需求。

为了保证48条闸机自助通道在全年24小时不间断正常运转，满足超22万人次极限人流通关，系统稳定模拟测试是必须要做的。据介绍，项目方协调30余家专业公司紧密配合，每天近400名工作人员，围绕着这48条自助通道反复进行模拟测试和系统调整修改，经过连续1个月16万人次的日均通关人流压力测试，最终成功达到预期设计目标。

智能通关：“合作查验、一次放行”

横琴新口岸的“新”，不仅仅在于规模上的扩大，还在于通关模式上的创新。

在拱北口岸、深圳湾口岸等内地往来港澳的口岸，当前传统的通关模式为“两次排队、两次查验、两次放行”，即旅客需要在内地和港澳各接受一次检查才能通关。而横琴新口岸将实行“合作查验、一次放行”的通关模式。

在横琴新口岸的出境大厅，安装着一排红外测温设备。据拱北海关所属横琴海关办公室副主任吴昊介绍，在澳门一侧也安装着一样的设备。在“合作查验，一次放行”的通关模式下，内地和澳门各负责出境一侧的体温监测，实现执法信息和数据实时共享；同时，通过智能CT机、人脸识别系统等智能设备，依托海关智慧旅检监管..，为旅客提供更安全便利的通关环境。

“对旅客而言，最直观的体验就是通关时间大大提速。以往过关需要数十分钟时间，现在最快几分钟就可以通关了。”吴昊说。

想要实现“合作查验，一次放行”，不仅需要稳定信息共享系统的“软件支撑”，还需要通关闸机系统的“硬件支持”。

据横琴新区管委会发改局副局长王彦介绍，横琴和澳门使用的查验通关系统不互通，为了解决这个难题，横琴新区积极联系澳门多个部门，不断进行研讨沟通，最后通过使用“网闸”系统这个转换中枢将横琴、澳门两个系统进行连接，实现数据交换与共享。

挑战工程难题：树立互联互通新标杆

珠海大横琴口岸实业有限公司董事长张彤表示，横琴新口岸的建设难度不仅在于其规模和建设面积，更在于需要确保距离不远的横琴旧口岸24小时不间断通关。为此，工程建设已经经历了3次转场，工程管理的难度可想而知。

除了协调难度大、建设工期紧张等困难外，一些具体的工程难题也考验建设者的智慧。项目打造的是多枢纽口岸，现场施工复杂化、多元化，除去联检通关大楼，还包括高架桥U型匝道、市政道路、莲花大桥改造及地下综合管廊等，可谓是基础设施建设的“大合集”。

莲花大桥，横跨十字门水道，东连澳门，西接横琴。为了莲花大桥与新口岸联检大楼紧密相连，要对莲花大桥进行弯桥改造，为了保证施工期间匝道段下跨境道路畅通，项目在经过多方咨询观摩和反复论证后，最终制定了60米极限半径弯桥顶推的施工方案。

“弯桥顶推就如‘贪吃蛇’游戏一样，先建设一部分桥体，然后在顶推支撑..上通过特殊装置向前推送，再建设一部分桥体，再向前推送。以此类推，桥体如‘贪吃蛇’般逐渐加长，最终推向连接处，实现全桥贯通。”施工项目经理李奇志说。

8400根桩基、175万立方土方开挖、21万吨的钢筋量、182万立方米的砼用量、8000余人的高峰作业……每一个庞大数据的背后，都是建设者们付出的巨大努力。

“横琴口岸的建成启用，不仅将成为促进珠澳互联互通的‘硬联通’标杆工程，更是内地与澳门规则对接、标准对接、制度融合贯通的‘软联通’标杆工程。”王彦说。

The new Hengqin Port in Zhuhai, south China's Guangdong province, is expected to be available for operation by December 20, 2019. Relevant executives disclosed the news on December 11 when the construction project of the new Hengqin Port and an integrated transportation hub was first introduced to the press.

Zhuhai city and the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) will jointly decide the official opening date of the new port after relevant approvals and legal procedures are completed.

The customs inspection building and the transportation platform on the south and north side of the building cover an area of 450,000 square meters, which is equivalent to the combined area of 63 soccer fields, according to Li Qizhi, project manager of China Construction Second Engineering Bureau Ltd., general construction contractor of the project.

It is expected that the daily crossings at the Hengqin Port will reach up to 222,000 once the new port begins operation and the new port is capable of handling 80 million passenger trips in a year, said Li, adding that the new port will make travel and exchanges between Zhuhai and Macao more convenient.

The new Hengqin Port will adopt a new customs clearance mode featuring joint inspection and one-stop clearance, disclosed Li, explaining that the new mode will enable passengers to pass the customs simply by getting through the joint inspection at three turnstiles.

The first turnstile is for the inspection of traffic permit information, the second turnstile is for verification of fingerprint and facial recognition, and the third turnstile is for information verification by the Macao side, according to Li.

Sufficient self-service channels will also help enhance the convenience of passing the customs. "Passing the customs through self-service channels can help people get to Macao from Zhuhai in one minute if everything is handled smoothly," said Wang Yan, deputy director of the reform and development bureau of the management committee of Hengqin New Area.

Besides the functions of a port, the new Hengqin Port and the integrated transportation hub, which cover an area of about 1.31 million square meters and involve various kinds of infrastructure construction tasks, also serve as an integrated distribution hub and a city services provider.

The construction of the project includes a variety of smaller projects and diversified jobs, such as the construction of the customs joint inspection building, U-type ramp of the overpass, municipal roads, underground utility tunnels and the reconstruction of the Lotus Bridge.

Hengqin Island in Zhuhai faces Macao SAR across the river, with the closest distance between the two sides being less than 200 meters. The island is located 34 nautical miles from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

The Zhuhai section of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge extends directly to Hengqin Island, making the area by far the only pilot free trade zone connecting Chinese mainland with Hong Kong and Macao by both road and bridge.

Because of its distinctive geographical position, the development of Hengqin also has significant influence on that of Hong Kong and Macao. It is believed that the new Hengqin Port will serve well the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

Source: People's Daily Online

Editor: Becky Lin